Examining the sense of belonging to school among Afghan primary school students as mental vitality

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Master student in Curriculum Planning, Kharazmi University, Karaj, Iran

2 . PhD in Curriculum Planning, Center Tehran Unit, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran, Invited Professor of Farhangian University

3 Bachelor of Educational Sciences, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training Center, Semnan, Iran

Abstract

Background and Objectives:Afghan students, who make up a significant portion of migrants in Iran, hold the status of migrant citizens with rights and responsibilities. One of their rights is the right to education in schools. A sense of belonging to school is considered a vital element in the growth and flourishing of students, and its absence can lead to various negative consequences. In this research, we aim to explore this sense of belonging among Afghan students.Methods: For conducting this research, a survey research method was employed. To assess the sense of belonging among Afghan students, we used the Belongingness Questionnaire developed by Brew and colleagues. In this research, we have used the Sense of Belonging Questionnaire by Berry and colleagues to investigate the feeling of belonging. The statistical population of the study consisted of all Afghan elementary school students in Pakdasht city, of whom 264 were randomly selected for the sample size. The questionnaire data were analyzed and examined using SPSS 21 software and univariate descriptive statistics. Findings: The range of scores, 57, shows that there are significant differences in the sense of belonging among students. The standard deviation of 12.03 indicates a good dispersion of these feelings among students. However, in the component of academic participation, the data suggest that students may have little interest in studying and participating in academic activities.Conclusion: A positive sense of belonging is observed among Afghan students. However, various measures can be designed to improve the sense of belonging to school and student participation. These measures should include training programs for teachers, incentive activities for students, and creating a fair and respectful environment in school.

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