Representation of Psychological Factors and Symptoms of Mathematical Errors in Elementary Students

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 PhD Student, Educational Planning & Management Department, psychology and Educational Science Faculty, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

2 Master's Graduate, psychology and Educational Science Faculty, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Field observations, the results of in-school tests, national tests in mathematics, as well as the poor performance of Iranian students in international tests, show that teaching and understanding mathematics in the elementary school is associated with many problems. Methods: For this reason, the current research was conducted with the aim of identifying the factors and psychological signs that are effective in the occurrence or exacerbation. for this purpose, descriptive phenomenological method was used and data was collected using semi-structured interview. The interviewees were selected by criteria and after interviewing 23 people (14 teachers and 9 experts), data saturation was achieved. In order to increase the reliability, verifiability, believability of the data, from the methods of "revision at the time of coding", "utilizing the opinions of research colleagues and confirming them", "explaining the detailed details of the data collection and analysis process", "long-term engagement", triangulation and analysis Negative cases were used. Findings: Data analysis led to the identification and classification of 3 categories of "motivational", "psychological" and "memory" factors, and 26 psychological symptoms were identified. Conclusion: The Researches showed that elementary school students have many and varied psychological challenges in learning mathematics. And the continuation of this process can face many damages to the vitality and dynamism of the educational system and the formation of a specialized working group to prevent the continuation of these consequences is an undeniable necessity.

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